Caller ID: transmits a caller's number to your telephone equipment Where available, caller ID can also provide a name associated with the calling telephone number.
The information made available may be made visible on a telephone's own display or on a separate attached device.
What is displayed as caller ID also depends on the equipment originating the call.
Answer machines: were invented in 1935. The original machines using single or two tapes to play and record messages.
Nowadays it is all done on an internal memory.
A Pager or Beeper: is a simple personal telecommunications device for short messages.
The arrival of the mobile phone in the 90's have made these almost obsolete and mainly only used by emergency service personnel, medical personnel, and information technology support staff.
For a History of the telephone check out Wikipedia
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